Chemistry · Chapter 1

Heat, Cool and Squeeze a Sample

Pour energy into exactly 1.00 g of water and watch the particles rearrange. The heat slider moves the sample from ice at −25 °C all the way to steam at 125 °C.

The particle view 48 particles, drawn live

Solid iceParticles hold a fixed pattern and only vibrate.

The heating curve temperature against heat added

Heating curve for 1.00 gram of water

The two flat steps are the phase changes. Heat keeps flowing in, yet the temperature holds still. That energy is busy pulling particles apart instead of speeding them up.

Readings

−25.0°C Solid
Temperature in kelvin: 248.2 K
Heat added so far: 0 J
Energy still needed to reach steam: 3108 J
Volume of the sample: 1.09 mL
Progress through this change: not in a change

Controls

What you are seeing
Solid ice at −25 °C
Ice holds a tight, repeating pattern. The particles vibrate in place but cannot swap spots.