← Chapter 4
English Composition · Chapter 4

The Reverse Outline Lab

Here is a finished nine-paragraph draft. For each paragraph, write the margin sentence — what it claims, not what it is about — then name what that claim is doing to the paper. Read the margin column straight down and you are reading the argument you actually made, which is rarely the one you announced. Then run the three repairs: resequence, merge, promote.

The draft, paragraph by paragraph

Reveal the claim first — that is the whole method. Then tag it, and use the arrows to resequence.

The argument you actually made

Thesis as submitted (end of paragraph 1)

Diagnosis & repairs

Diagnosis 0/8 · Repairs 0/3
Why this works: blind rewriting produces a different flavour of the same error. Name the failure — drift, repetition, burial — before you touch a sentence.