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Oral Communication · Chapter 1

Cite It Out Loud

Attribution is not bureaucratic — it is how an audience decides how much of your credibility to lend to a claim. Build a spoken citation one piece at a time, then try the shortcuts a nervous speaker reaches for. The rubric tier, the five ethics questions, and the extra seconds it costs all update live.
The claim you want to make
Build the attribution
Shortcuts a nervous speaker reaches for
What you say out loud
Developing
Ethical sourcing score
Developing
Vague sourcing, overstated claims, pressure tactics
Competent
Names sources, represents them fairly, argues with reasons
Advanced
Volunteers the strongest counterevidence and still makes the case honestly

The five questions that settle a close case