Pathophysiology · Module 1 · Fluids and electrolytes

Fluids Case Lab

Run the fluid-shift simulator, read blood gases with ROME, work through patient cases, and sort look-alike disorders. Nothing here is graded.

Part 1: Fluid shift simulator, picture and readouts

Inside cells (ICF) Interstitial fluid Plasma Water moving Sodium on the graph

Readouts

Simulator readouts
Measure	Value

Challenges

Fluid Shift Simulator

Pick a patient, choose an IV fluid and a volume, then press Give IV fluid. Watch which compartment the water ends up in. The Starling sliders change the capillary.

1 · Patient

2 · IV fluid

Volume to give 1.0 L

3 · Starling forces at the capillary

Capillary pressure (arteriole end) 35 mmHg

20normal 3560

Plasma oncotic pressure 25 mmHg

8normal 2530

Capillary leakiness 1.0×

normalvery leaky

Lymph drainage 100%

blockednormal

HCO₃⁻ (base, kidneys) CO₂ (acid, lungs) Normal zone Lines of equal pH

ABG Interpreter

Move the sliders (or pick a patient). The pH is calculated from the bicarbonate-to-CO₂ ratio. Then read it with ROME.

PaCO₂ (lungs) 40 mmHg

1535–4590

HCO₃⁻ (kidneys) 24 mEq/L

522–2650

ROME, step by step

Practice: mystery ABG

The lab hides the answer. Read the values, then pick the problem and the compensation.

Primary problem

Compensation

H = high L = low ECG trace

These are made-up teaching cases, not real patients. Wrong answers are fine here: read why, then try again.

Compare and Sort

Your job

Relaxed mode (no timer) 0:00 Drag a card onto a box, or tap a card and then press Place here.

Dr. Akash Garg · Pathophysiology Study Tools · Diagrams are simplified and not to scale. For learning only, not medical advice. CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Pair with the Fluids Walkthrough.
The fluid simulator is a simple teaching model for a 70 kg adult (42 L of body water), not a medical calculator: 0.9% saline is treated as exactly isotonic, D5W as free water once the glucose is used, and the Starling and blood-pressure responses are rounded cartoons. pH in the ABG tool is calculated with the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation (pH = 6.1 + log[HCO₃⁻ ÷ (0.03 × PaCO₂)]). Patient cases are fictional and use rounded textbook values; reference ranges vary between labs.